Gross Anatomy Courseware

The following independent study courseware is available to veterinary students studying gross anatomy at the University of Minnesota. The programs are HyperCard or SuperCard applications for the Macintosh platform, except for Ungulate Anatomy which is an Authorware application for the PC platform. Click a title to view a summary description of the courseware program:

• Autonomic Nervous System Tutor
• Canine Bones
• Canine Muscle Groups
• Canine Planar Anatomy Atlas
• Cranial Nerve Reference
• Gaits
• Head Anatomy
• Horse Teeth & Age
• Ungulate Anatomy

Autonomic Nervous System Tutor 2.0 by T.F. Fletcher © 1988, 1992, 1998

A HyperCard application that presents ANS anatomy in text and graphics. The courseware features a tutorial (didactic) section and a drill (pathway tracing) section. The tutorial section has three parts: General Organization, Sympathetic Division, and Parasympathetic Division. Each part is followed by a quiz. The drill section offers students practice in tracing autonomic pathways to a variety of visceral organs; also, it can be used to graphically display correct pathways.

Disk size: 2.6 MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (9" b&w screen); requires 2 MB RAM.

Canine Bones 3.3 by A. Burrell & T.F. Fletcher © 1994, 1998

This HyperCard application illustrates major features of canine bones (to be used in conjunction with a set of bones for optimal learning). The program presents bone anatomy in two modes: 1] In the Names mode, bone illustrations are accompanied by a list of names of bone features. Clicking on a name evokes a pop-up pointer to the corresponding bone feature. 2] In the Features mode, clicking on an illustrated feature of a bone causes the name of the feature to pop-up.

Disk size: 2.5MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (9" b&w screen); requires 2 MB RAM.

Canine Muscle Groups 0.8 by T.F. Fletcher, 1999

This SuperCard application presents canine muscles in terms of regional groups. The courseware is intended for veterinary students studying canine anatomy using Miller's Guide to the Dissection of the Dog by H.E. Evans and A. deLahunta. Illustrations are taken from Guide to the Dissection of the Dog and from Anatomy for Artists by Ellenberger and Baum. In contrast to regarding muscles individually, thinking of muscles in terms of regional groups facilitates learning and recall. Muscles within a region generally share similar actions and innervation. Canine Muscle Groups allows students to toggle between outline views of muscle groups and lists of muscles within groups. Comments about muscle groups and muscle group illustrations can be seen by clicking buttons. The courseware is optimized for a 640- by 480-pixel color display.

Disk size: 3 MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (640 x 480 pixels, color); requires 5 MB RAM.

Canine Planar Anatomy Atlas 0.7.1 by T.F. Fletcher, R.M. Hardy, and D.A. Feeney © 1998

SuperCard application that presents transverse, sagittal and dorsal plane sections through canine cadavers. You toggle your viewing options by button clicks. You may toggle among section planes, among levels per plane, and among label options (muscle-skeleton labels, viscera-vessel labels, or no labels) per section per plane. Anatomical structures are labeled by number. Pressing a keyboard number key evokes an identification statement about the labeled structure. Optionally, you can keep a running score of your own right and wrong answers. For veterinary students, the Atlas is intended to complement viewpoints obtained from cadaver dissection. The Atlas should be valuable to anyone requiring knowledge of canine anatomy, particularly planar anatomy. The courseware is optimized for a 640- by 480-pixel color display.

Disk size: 30 MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (640 x 480 pixels, color); requires 8 MB RAM.

Cranial Nerve Reference 2.5 by K. Hoffmann & T.F. Fletcher © 1992, 1994, 1998

A HyperCard application that represents a reference manual for reviewing information about cranial nerves, using the dog as a model for anatomical features and graphic illustrations. Information is organized into five sections: Anatomy, Function, Fiber type, Exit Foramina, and Nuclear Location within the brain.

Disk size: 2.4 MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (9" b&w screen) ; requires 2 MB RAM.

Gaits 1.3 by V. Johnson & T.F. Fletcher © 1994, 1998

A HyperCard application for learning foot-fall patterns of normal quadruped gaits, using the dog as a model species. Continuous cycle animation or step by step modes can be selected to show foot-fall patterns and lateral views of dogs at various gaits (walk, amble, trot, pace, canter, transverse gallop and rotary gallop). Background information about gaits, a glossary of pertinent terms, and pop-up text descriptions for each gait are included.

Disk size: 2.5 MB. Hardware: Macintosh (9" b&w screen, but faster is better for animation); requires 2 MB RAM.

Head Anatomy (Head to Head) 1.3 by V.S. Cox & T. Sundell © 1988

HyperCard courseware that presents the gross anatomy of the head of horse, ox and dog in quiz format.

Disk size: 2.2 MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (9" b&w screen); requires 2 MB RAM.

Horse Teeth & Age 2.0 by A. Burrell & T.F. Fletcher © 1992

This HyperCard application presents anatomy of equine incisor teeth and guidelines for estimating a horse’s age based on tooth eruption and tooth wear. Tooth-set illustrations of different age horses are included to practice age estimation.

Disk size: 2.3 MB. Minimum hardware: Macintosh (9" b&w screen); requires 2 MB RAM.

Authorware courseware presenting images of dissected ungulates (hoofed animals). May be used to prepare for dissection and to review at home after dissection. Intended to make anatomic learning more efficient (not to replace dissection). Most of the images are from fresh tissue dissections which are more realistic than embalmed material. Endoscopic videoclips are included to add functional understanding.

Disk size: 28 MB. Minimum hardware: PC (Windows 95); 800 x 600 pixels resolution, 24 bit color.

For more informaion contact: V.S. Cox coxxx002@tc.umn.edu